Top 10 Popular Data Warehouse Tools

A data warehouse is a relational database that is designed for query and analysis rather than for transaction processing. It usually contains historical data derived from transaction data, but can include data from other sources. Data warehouses separate analysis workload from transaction workload and enable an organization to consolidate data from several sources. This helps us in: Maintaining historical records and Analyzing the data to gain a better understanding of the business and to improve the business.

In addition to a relational database, a data warehouse environment can include an extraction, transportation, transformation, and loading (ETL) solution, statistical analysis, reporting, data mining capabilities, client analysis tools, and other applications that manage the process of gathering data, transforming it into useful, actionable information, and delivering it to business users.

Data Warehouse

Table of Contents

1. Oracle Autonomous Data Warehouse

The Oracle Data Warehouse software treats a group of data as a whole, and its primary function is to store and retrieve relevant data. Allowing several users to access the same data aids the server in successfully managing enormous amounts of data. Oracle Data Warehouse has implemented many self-service features to increase the productivity of analysts, data scientists, and developers. This relatively new cloud computing system is scalable, responsive, and simple to use.

Oracle Autonomous Database is a fully automated service that makes it easy for all organizations to develop and deploy application workloads, regardless of complexity, scale, or criticality. The service’s converged engine supports diverse data types, simplifying application development and deployment from modeling and coding to ETL, database optimization, and data analysis. With machine learning–driven automated tuning, scaling, and patching, Autonomous Database delivers the highest performance, availability, and security for OLTP, analytics, batch, and Internet of Things (IoT) workloads. Built on Oracle Database and Oracle Exadata, Autonomous Database is available on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Data Warehouse for serverless or dedicated deployments as well as on-premises with Oracle Exadata Cloud@Customer and OCI Dedicated Region.

Features :

A. All Workloads and Data

1. Optimized for all workloads and data types

Data warehouse supports for all modern data types, workloads, and analytics built into a single service, giving developers a platform with fewer moving pieces and less complexity. Take advantage of an environment that supports applications or analytics at any scale or criticality without requiring time-consuming integration of multiple services or multiple speciality databases.

  • All modern data formats are supported: relational, graph, geo-spatial, JSON, text, and more. There’s no need to use numerous speciality databases for different data types.
  • All modern workloads are supported: OLTP, IoT, temporal, ledger/blockchain, streaming, analytic, and more. There’s no need for different speciality databases to support different workloads.
  • All modern analytics are supported: generative AI, advanced SQL, machine learning, graph analytics, text/search analytics, geo-spatial analytics, and more—all including data lake access. There’s no need to move data to speciality databases for analytics.
  • All modern development styles and paradigms are supported: containers, events, REST, low code, microservices, CI/CD, and more. Simplify operations with a single database to support all your development needs.
  • Create a single, secure environment quickly and safely with seamless and identical security across all data types and workloads.
2. Fast deployment

Newcomers to Oracle Autonomous Database can get up and running quickly with a minimal learning curve. Preexisting expertise in Oracle Database isn’t required to be productive with Autonomous Database.

  • Deploy a new Autonomous Database of any size in minutes.
  • IT staff don’t have to spend time on routine operations since Autonomous Database automatically takes care of them.
  • Analysts can build better descriptive and predictive analytics using their preferred tools for this Data Warehouse. Autonomous Database includes built-in AI, machine learning, graph, spatial, and text analytics and integrates with other databases, clouds, and data lakes to eliminate data silos.
  • Developers have flexibility to use their tech stack, architecture, and approach of choice to build applications. There’s no need to use multiple specialty databases, and DevOps teams will find those applications easier to manage and perform operational reporting.
3. Easy cloud migration

Autonomous Database is a fully automated Oracle Database. It offers the easiest way to move Oracle Database workloads to the cloud Data Warehouse.

  • There’s no need to learn new database skills and languages because Autonomous Database fully supports PL/SQL.
  • Analytics and apps from on-premises Oracle Database deployment are supported.
  • Analyze your database estate to identify the best candidates to move today.
  • Migrate your database to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) without downtime using Oracle Zero Downtime Migration. Accelerate your migration with guidance from cloud engineers on planning, architecting, prototyping, and managing cloud migrations through Oracle Cloud Lift Services.
4. Multicloud support

Get the data access, performance, and usability of a single cloud but in a multi cloud environment .

  • Get single cloud ease of access to data using Autonomous Database, which securely integrates with Amazon S3, Azure Blob Storage, and Google Cloud Storage.
  • Get single cloud performance for your application with a low latency, high bandwidth link between Oracle Cloud Infrastructure and Azure.
  • Get a single cloud UI using the Azure console to configure and operate enterprise-grade Oracle Database services residing in OCI. There’s no need to learn how to use a new console with Oracle Database Service for Microsoft Azure.
  • Coming soon: Run your workloads where you choose with fully managed Oracle database services running on OCI but inside Azure. Experience the highest level of Oracle Database performance, scale, and availability, as well as feature and pricing parity.

B. Analytics

1. Machine learning and AI

Regardless of your skill set and knowledge of machine learning and AI, Autonomous Database provides a single platform where you can take analytics to the data using tools and languages that fit your needs.

  • Simplify how you get answers from your data through natural language questions. Select AI uses large language models (LLMs) to make Autonomous Database speak “human,” enabling users to ask questions without knowledge of the underlying data structure.
  • Build and evaluate high-performing machine learning models without knowing how to code. AutoML provides UI-based access to machine learning for nonexperts.
  • Visually explore and discover hidden connections in data using the Graph Studio feature.
  • Add location intelligence to your analytics with interactive maps through Oracle Spatial Studio, a self-service, UI-driven web application.
  • Choose your language—Python, R, or SQL—along with third-party packages to develop machine learning models and run them in-database at scale.
2. Self-service analytics

Line-of-business teams can deploy their own analytics environment for this Data Warehouse using an end-to-end data analytics ecosystem without relying on IT staff.

  • Load and transform data from more than 100 application, database, and data lake sources without IT help using the Transforms UI of Oracle Autonomous Database Data Studio.
  • Create complex analytic calculations with ease using the built-in data analysis UI in Data Studio—and share those calculations with your favorite tools, including Oracle Analytics Cloud, Tableau, Excel, and more.
  • Share data securely, quickly, and openly within and outside your organization.
  • Understand your data sources and track changes using the catalog UI in Data Studio.
  • Easily access your data from spreadsheets with add-ins for Excel and Google Sheets.
  • Empower your data scientists with built-in machine learning and graph algorithms, native Python and R support, and a built-in notebook UI.
  • Ask questions in natural language and get answers from your organization’s data in Autonomous Database using Select AI.
3. Prebuilt warehouses and connectors

Whether you’re using Oracle Fusion Applications or Oracle’s NetSuite, E-Business Suite, or PeopleSoft applications, take advantage of ready-to-use data models, pipelines, and analytics to put data to work quickly for Data Warehouse.

  • Use insights from data in Oracle Cloud’s ERP, HCM, SCM, and CX application suites. Oracle Fusion Analytics Data Warehouse includes prebuilt KPIs, machine learning, and simpler data management.
  • Gain actionable insights from your NetSuite data. Oracle NetSuite Analytics Warehouse delivers powerful data analysis that drives actionable insights. Without relying on IT, business professionals can load data as well as quickly build and run their own analyses.
  • Start getting new insights from your E-Business Suite data up to 70% faster than building analytics on your own. The E-Business Suite accelerator includes a prebuilt extract, transform, and load pipeline; data model; prebuilt KPIs; dashboards; and reports.
4. BI enablement

Business analysts and line-of-business teams can deliver business intelligence (BI) solutions using a wide variety of analytics and BI tools.

  • Create shared business models (dimensions, hierarchies, measures, and “KPIs”) using Analytic Views across tools and applications to enable fast, reliable business insights.
  • Use your favorite BI tools: Oracle Analytics Cloud, Tableau, Microsoft Power BI, Excel, and more. Each tool can share the same business model, simplifying analytics and ensuring consistent results.
5. Data lake analytics

Analyze all your data—both inside Autonomous Database and outside in data lakes or cloud storage using the same tools, processes, and access methods as the databasee.

  • Any cloud object storage, including OCI Object Storage, Amazon S3, Azure Blob Storage, and Google Cloud Storage
  • Any data lake file type: Parquet, Avro, JSON, csv, XLSX, and more
  • Any major data lake table structure, such as Delta tables or Iceberg tables.
  • Keep data secure using the native security policies of object storage combined with the advanced security of Autonomous Database.
  • Run SQL queries directly against your object store source and correlate them with data stored in Autonomous Database.
  • Instantly find and access enterprise data sets by leveraging OCI Data Catalog and AWS Glue metadata repositories.
  • Use Apache Spark to analyze data in Autonomous Database with high performance Data Warehouse.

C. Application development

1. Natural language queries using generative AI

Autonomous Database speaks “human.”

  • Simply ask a question using natural language—it’s the simplest way to get answers about your business.
  • Easily build natural language capabilities into your applications using Autonomous Database Select AI.
2. Low-code AppDev

Line-of-business analysts and nonprofessional developers can quickly develop smaller departmental applications as well as sophisticated enterprise-scale applications.

  • Use Oracle APEX, an enterprise low-code application platform, to develop applications 20X faster and with 100X less code.
  • Integrate advanced analytics into your applications with minimum coding using UI-based tools. Use Data Studio data analysis to build multidimensional models, AutoML, Oracle Spatial Studio, and Graph Studio.
3. Cloud native AppDev

Build microservices faster using a tech stack you know and make them easier for DevOps to operate.

  • Use your favorite toolsfor this Data Warehouse with support for open source frameworks, REST/JSON-based development, and a MongoDB-compatible API.
  • Operationalize insights using built-in advanced analytics, including multidimensional models, machine learning, graph, spatial, and text without requiring the additional complexity of specialized analytic engines.
  • Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) is supported for any tool or application.
  • Access data using Python with cx_Oracle, which conforms to the open-standards Python database API.
  • Access and analyze all data, including JSON, graph, and spatial data using SQL.
  • Keep data protected without downtime—your database deployment is secure by default and automatically kept up-to-date with the latest database and security patches.
  • Develop applications using free options of Autonomous Database, either in the cloud with Autonomous Database on Oracle Cloud Free Tier or with Autonomous Database free container image for offline development Data Warehouse.
JSON-centric AppDev

Develop apps quickly using a JSON document store that’s MongoDB-compatible but faster, more secure, and less expensive.

  • Build JSON apps with high availability, dynamic scalability, and advanced security.
  • Develop new apps using familiar MongoDB-compatible drivers, tools, and frameworks or migrate current MongoDB apps—all using Oracle Database API for MongoDB.
  • Analyze your JSON data with scalable SQL, and access JSON from any relational tool or application.
  • Tackle the hardest problems facing JSON database developers with ease, including multi-document ACID compliance, cross-collection joins, in-database procedural logic, and more.
  • Enable analysts and data scientists to analyze data across the document store and relational store using SQL.

D. Cost reduction

1. Reduced TCO with automation

Automation reduces human labor costs and elastic scaling reduces licensing costs, with big benefits for total cost of operating enterprise applications. An IDC study of Autonomous Data Warehouse customers shows

  • There’s an average five-year ROI of 417%, with breakeven on the investment occurring in an average of five months.
  • Reducing management and licensing costs and user productivity lost to downtime enables organizations to lower their total cost of operations by an average of 63%.
  • A flexible licensing model enables customers to cut their licensing costs by an average of 45%.
  • The time needed to deploy a new database drops by an average of 84% and the staff time required falls by 85%.
2. Elastic, pay-per-use pricing

Spend less on licensing and cloud consumption and avoid overprovisioning by deploying on an elastic cloud database.

  • Ensure usage and billing are aligned with actual application needs and consumption with elastic autoscaling. Compute and storage scale up and down independently in response to transient changes in workload, up to 3X base-provisioned resources, and with no downtime.
  • Increase base-provisioned resources at any time in response to longer-term compute and storage needs.
  • Access your data lake data up to 20X faster with the same pricing as object storage by storing all your data in Autonomous Database.
  • Consolidate database instances into elastic resource pools that scale up and down without downtime, potentially providing compute cost savings of up to 87% versus paying for each instance individually.

E. Management, security, and compliance

1. Automated database administration

Database administrators can move from manual administrative tasks to higher-value IT projects by taking advantage of automated management .

  • Reduce time spent on DBA-related tasks by an average of 68% and save up to 63% in operational costs.
  • Rely on automation for all database management tasks: provisioning, monitoring, backups, auditing, alerting, disaster recovery, and more.
  • Deliver better service levels with proactive database health monitoring and built-in fault tolerance. Patches and updates are applied automatically without downtime or human intervention.
  • Improve application performance without manually investigating the workloads and data distribution Data Warehouse. Automatic partitioning and automatic indexing tune the database for your workloads.
2. Data security

Autonomous Database helps keep all your data secure from unauthorized access by insiders, outsiders, and cyberattacks, including ransomware and malware.

  • Frequent, automatic patching without downtime means that Autonomous Data warehouse is always up-to-date on security patches.
  • Create a secure environment that will remain secure over time as conditions change. Use the included Oracle Data Safe to understand data sensitivity, evaluate data risks, mask sensitive data, implement and monitor security controls, assess user security, and monitor user activity.
  • Protect against bad actors or malware with transparent data encryption. All data is always encrypted at rest, in motion, and when backed up.
  • Prevent unauthorized users from accessing sensitive data, prevent unauthorized database changes, and address industry, regulatory, or corporate security standards with the included Oracle Database Vault.
  • All users will see only appropriate data with advanced role-based access control, including redaction, masking, and filtering Data Warehouse.
3. Compliance

Reduce the risks associated with operating enterprise applications.

  • Frequent, automatic patching without downtime means that Autonomous Database is always up-to-date on security patches.
  • Backups are fully automated, with optional long-term backups available for 10 years.
  • Auditing is always enabled.
  • Autonomous Database meets certified regulatory compliance standards, including Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP) High, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS), System and Organization Controls (SOC) 1, and SOC 2.

F. Mission-critical application support

1. High availability and business continuity

IT organizations can keep mission-critical applications running with less human involvement.

  • Take advantage of 99.995% availability for Autonomous Database with Oracle Autonomous Data Guard (including planned and unplanned downtime). Maximize protection with multiple standby databases across multiple regions.
  • Keep apps running with Application Continuity, which transparently recovers in-flight database transactions during outages.
  • Avoid planned downtime with automated updates, backups, and patching that require no downtime and no human intervention.
  • For less-critical apps, the default availability is 99.95%, and a lower-cost disaster recovery is available.
2. Mission-critical app deployments

Run and extend Oracle apps, such as PeopleSoft, JD Edwards, and Siebel, or your custom or ISV apps for improved performance, availability, and security.

  • Migrating apps is easy. Autonomous Database runs the same Oracle Database you’re accustomed to running on-premises.
  • Accelerate performance—Autonomous Database is preconfigured with optimized storage, automatic indexing, and data caching.
  • Rely on a proven, industry-leading platform for all types of transaction processing, including OLTP transactions, lightweight transactions, augmented transactions, and stream event processing.
  • Industry-proven transparent scalability and availability are provided.
  • The workload is monitored, and indexes are automatically created and maintained.
  • Protect data without downtime. Your database deployment is secure by default and automatically kept up-to-date with the latest database and security patches.

2. Amazon Redshift

Imagine you have a huge amount of data – we’re talking massive, like all the information from your business operations, customer interactions, sales transactions, and more. Now, the challenge is to make sense of all that data, analyze it, and get valuable insights.

Enter Amazon Redshift – think of it as a super-smart, high-performance data warehouse in the cloud. A data warehouse is like a giant organized library for your data, where you can quickly find and retrieve exactly what you need.

So, what makes Amazon Redshift Data Warehouse special?

  1. Storage and Processing Power: It’s like having a super spacious and incredibly fast library. Redshift can store petabytes of data and process queries at lightning speed, allowing you to analyze vast amounts of information without waiting forever.

  2. Columnar Storage: Think of your data like a book. Instead of reading the entire book (row) to find what you need, Redshift organizes data by columns, making it super efficient to search for specific information. It’s like being able to find a particular piece of information in a split second.

  3. Scalability: As your data grows, Redshift grows with you. It’s like having a library that automatically expands its shelves to accommodate new books. You can easily scale up your storage and processing power without any major hassle.

  4. Easy to Use: Amazon Redshift is designed to be user-friendly. It’s like having a librarian who knows where every book is and can help you find what you need. You can use standard SQL queries, making it accessible for those familiar with relational databases.

  5. Integration with Other AWS Services: It’s not just a standalone library – Redshift can collaborate with other services provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS). This is like having your library connected to a network of other libraries, making it even more powerful.

  6. Security and Encryption: Your data is precious, and Redshift understands that. It provides robust security features, including encryption, so it’s like having a secure vault for your valuable information.

In a nutshell, Amazon Redshift is like having a super-smart, high-capacity library for all your data, where you can easily find, analyze, and gain insights without breaking a sweat. It’s a powerful tool that helps businesses make informed decisions based on their vast amount of information.

architecture-redshift
Amazon Redshift Serverless feature overview:
FeatureDescription
Serverless ArchitectureImagine having a data warehouse that magically scales up or down based on your needs. With Redshift Serverless, you don’t worry about managing servers – it scales automatically.
On-Demand Query ExecutionThink of it as having a personal assistant. Redshift Serverless allows you to run queries whenever you need them without the need for a dedicated cluster, making it cost-effective.
Pause and ResumeIt’s like having a power-saving mode for your data warehouse. Redshift Serverless lets you pause it when not in use, and resume instantly when you need to analyze your data, saving costs.
Automated BackupsYour data is precious, and Redshift Serverless understands that. It automatically takes care of backups, ensuring that your valuable information is safe and can be restored if needed.
Integrated with Lake HouseImagine your data warehouse seamlessly working with data lakes. Redshift Serverless integrates with Amazon S3, allowing you to easily analyze data stored in a data lake, expanding your analytical capabilities.
Pay-Per-Query PricingIt’s like paying for what you use. Redshift Serverless operates on a pay-per-query pricing model, meaning you only pay for the queries you run. No need to worry about idle resources eating into your budget.
Built-in Security FeaturesYour data’s security is a priority. Redshift Serverless comes with built-in security features, including encryption, ensuring that your data remains safe and protected against unauthorized access.
Compatibility with BI ToolsIt’s like speaking the same language. Redshift Serverless is compatible with popular Business Intelligence (BI) tools, making it easy for you to visualize and gain insights from your data using the tools you love.

In essence, Amazon Redshift Serverless is like having a flexible and efficient data warehouse that adapts to your needs, allowing you to analyze your data on demand without the hassle of managing servers. It’s a cost-effective and secure solution that seamlessly integrates with other AWS services for a holistic data analytics experience Data warehouse.

3. Google BigQuery

Imagine you have a massive amount of data – we’re talking mountains of information from your business, like customer interactions, transactions, and operational details. Now, the challenge is to make sense of all that data, right? That’s where Google BigQuery comes in.

Google BigQuery is like a super-smart, cloud-based data warehouse – think of it as a gigantic, high-speed storage facility for all your data needs. Here’s why it’s cool:

  1. Serverless and Scalable: BigQuery is like having a data powerhouse that scales effortlessly. You don’t need to worry about managing servers – it automatically adjusts to the amount of data you have. It’s like having a storage unit that magically expands as you fill it with more stuff.

  2. Lightning-Fast Queries: Imagine you have a librarian who can find any book in an instant. BigQuery is like that – it processes queries at lightning speed. You can ask complex questions about your data, and it fetches the answers almost immediately. It’s like having a librarian with superhuman search skills.

  3. No Setup Hassle: Forget about setting up a complicated database. With BigQuery, it’s like moving into a fully furnished house – everything is ready for you. You can start querying your data right away without dealing with the nitty-gritty of database setup.

  4. Pay-Per-Query Pricing: It’s like paying for what you use. With BigQuery, you only pay for the queries you run. No need to worry about maintaining idle infrastructure – you’re billed based on the processing power you consume. It’s like having a utility bill for your data analysis.

  5. Real-Time Data Analysis: BigQuery is like having a crystal ball for your business. It allows you to analyze data in real-time, so you can make informed decisions on the fly. It’s like having a dashboard that shows you what’s happening in your business as it happens.

  6. Easy Integration with Other Google Services: It’s like having a well-connected friend who knows everyone. BigQuery seamlessly integrates with other Google Cloud services, making it easy for you to work with your data alongside other powerful tools provided by Google.

In summary, Google BigQuery is like having a super-efficient, scalable, and speedy data warehouse in the cloud. It takes the hassle out of data management, allowing you to focus on extracting valuable insights from your information effortlessly.

4. Azure Synapse Analytics

Let’s dive into Azure Synapse Analytics Data Warehouse in a way that’s easy to understand!

Picture this: You’ve got a massive amount of data – everything from customer interactions to sales numbers, and it’s getting bigger every day. Now, how do you make sense of all that information? Enter Azure Synapse Analytics, your data superhero in the cloud.

  1. All-in-One Analytics Platform: Think of Synapse Analytics as an all-in-one platform for your data needs. It’s like having a Swiss Army knife for analytics – it can handle everything from storing your data to analyzing it and helping you make smart decisions.

  2. Fast and Furious Processing: Imagine if your data could break the land speed record. Synapse Analytics is like that – it processes queries at lightning speed. You can ask complex questions, and it fetches the answers in a flash. It’s like having a high-speed train for your data analysis.

  3. Unified Data Storage: No need to shuffle through different storage places. With Synapse Analytics, it’s like having a tidy and organized storage room for all your data – whether it’s structured or unstructured, it’s all in one place, making it easy to find and use.

  4. On-Demand Scaling: Imagine if your workspace could magically grow when you need more power. Synapse Analytics does just that – it scales up or down based on your needs. It’s like having an elastic workspace that expands and contracts with your data demands.

  5. Built-in Security: Your data’s security is a top priority. Synapse Analytics is like having a vigilant guard for your information. It comes with robust security features, including encryption, ensuring that your data stays safe and sound.

  6. Seamless Integration with Other Azure Services: It’s like having a well-connected friend who knows everyone in town. Synapse Analytics plays well with other Azure services, making it easy to integrate your data analytics with other powerful tools offered by Microsoft.

  7. Collaboration Made Easy: Imagine if your entire team could work together seamlessly. Synapse Analytics is like a virtual collaboration hub – it allows data engineers, analysts, and data scientists to work together efficiently, making teamwork a breeze.

In a nutshell, Azure Synapse Analytics Data Warehouse is like having a versatile and powerful companion for all things data-related. It streamlines your data journey, from storage to analysis, ensuring that you can extract meaningful insights and supercharge your decision-making process.

5. Snowflake

Snowflake Data Warehouse isn’t just a great technology company. We’re all about the data—easily enabling governed access to near-infinite amounts of data, and cutting-edge tools, applications, and services. With the Data Cloud, you can collaborate locally and globally to reveal new insights, create previously unforeseen business opportunities, and identify and know your customers in the moment with seamless and relevant experiences

HOW IT WORKS

MINIMIZE TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP WITH NEAR-ZERO MAINTENANCE

 Snowflake’s fully managed platform provides automatic provisioning, availability, tuning, data protection and more—across clouds and regions—for an unlimited number of users and jobs.  

GAIN OPTIMAL PRICE FOR PERFORMANCE AND ELASTICITY

 Snowflake’s elasticity enables you to rightsize compute resources to respond to workload fluctuations within seconds—without resource contention or performance degradation. Combined with consumption-based pricing, this helps avoid over-provisioning.

In addition to ongoing performance improvements, the platform also offers native optimizations that help make costs more efficient, transparent and predictable. 

PROTECT DATA WITH BUILT-IN SECURITY AND GOVERNANCE

 To ensure your data stays secure as it’s queried and shared globally, Snowflake combines powerful security controls—which provide identity and access management across CSPs, networking and encryption—with a unified governance model that enforces policies, tags and lineage.

 

 ACCELERATE ANALYTICS FOR ANY USE CASE  

Snowflake fuels a full spectrum of use cases with the same copy of data—all on a data warehouse that feels familiar yet robust.  Visualize insights with BI and reporting, process location data with geospatial analytics, or forecast time-series data with ML-based Snowflake Cortex functions (anomaly detection and forecasting in GA soon). 

SHARE AND COLLABORATE ON LIVE, READY-TO-QUERY DATA

Snowflake’s separation of storage and compute helps you easily share live data across business units, eliminating the need for data marts or maintaining multiple copies of data. You can also share data with partners and customers—regardless of region or cloud—whether or not they’re on Snowflake Data Warehouse.

 

6. Firebolt Cloud Data Warehouse

Services Layer

The services layer is multi-tenant. It accepts all incoming requests to Firebolt. Its most important functions are:

  • Administration – Handles account information, user management, and permissions.
  • Metadata – Contains all metadata of databases, engines, tables, indexes, etc.
  • Security – Handles authentication.
Isolated Tenancy

Unlike the multi-tenant services layer, the compute and storage layers in Firebolt run on isolated tenants. A dedicated and isolated AWS sub-account is created for each Firebolt customer, within which Firebolt manages the storage and compute layers. Each tenant runs within Firebolt’s master account and outside their own VPC. This ensures complete cross-customer isolation for data and query execution.

Compute Layer

The compute layer runs Firebolt engines. Engines are compute clusters that run database workloads. Each engine is an isolated cluster. Within each cluster, engine nodes store data and indexes in the local cache. The engine loads data from the storage layer into cache at query runtime based on the query configuration.

A benefit of the decoupled storage and compute architecture is that multiple engines can be assigned to the same database. This allows for granular control over which hardware is assigned to which tasks. Each engine can have a different configuration and size depending on the workloads. Engines can work in parallel or separately, and you can share them with different people in your organization.

Storage Layer

The storage layer within Firebolt runs on Amazon S3. After you ingest data into Firebolt, this is where the data and indexes associated with a database are saved. When you ingest data, you use a Firebolt general purpose engine, which stores the data in the proprietary Firebolt File Format (F3). The data is sorted, compressed, and indexed to support highly efficient pruning for query acceleration. F3 works together with other proprietary Firebolt technologies to deliver exceptional performance at query runtime.

7. Teradata

The Teradata data warehouse appliance is built and configured for plug-and-play, scalable, Massively Parallel Processing data warehousing. It combines relational and columnar capabilities, along with limited NoSQL capabilities in the form of name/value pairs and JSON support.

This appliance is designed for large organizations in retail, finance, communications, manufacturing and healthcare vertical industries that need scalability and high performance from their data warehouses.   

8. IBM® Db2® Warehouse

IBM Db2® data Warehouse meets your price and performance objectives for always-on workloads, providing simple, governed access to all your data and eliminating your data silos across the hybrid cloud Data warehouse.

Data engineers, developers and data scientists can store, share and analyze governed data across various sources, hybrid-cloud environments and open formats. It natively integrates with other relational databases such as Db2, data lakes, and IBM watsonx.data™ lakehouse to simplify your ecosystem, for analytics and AI. . Built for the cloud, it runs natively on cloud object storage, 3 percent of the cost of block storage, and runs 4 times faster with advanced caching techniques. 

9. PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL is an object-relational database management system (ORDBMS) based on POSTGRES, Version 4.2, developed at the University of California at Berkeley Computer Science Department. POSTGRES pioneered many concepts that only became available in some commercial database systems much later Data warehouse.

PostgreSQL is an open-source descendant of this original Berkeley code. It supports a large part of the SQL standard and offers many modern features:

  • complex queries
  • foreign keys
  • triggers
  • views
  • transactional integrity
  • multiversion concurrency control

Also, PostgreSQL can be extended by the user in many ways, for example by adding new

  • data types
  • functions
  • operators
  • aggregate functions
  • index methods
  • procedural languages

And because of the liberal license, PostgreSQL can be used, modified, and distributed by anyone free of charge for any purpose, be it private, commercial, or academic.

10. Cloudera

Data Warehouse is a CDP Public Cloud data service for creating independent, self-service data warehouses and data marts that autoscale up and down to meet your varying workload demands. The Data Warehouse service provides isolated compute instances for each data warehouse/mart, automatic optimization, and enables you to save costs while meeting SLAs.

Data Warehouse has a dedicated runtime for clients connecting to your Virtual Warehouse in CDP Public Cloud. Documentation describes techniques for using Apache Hive and Apache Impala SQL as well as the Hue interactive SQL editor, which you can use to test queries and sample data.

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